Diagram title and requirement branches have been checked; this is a text-based route diagram, not an equipment image.

Membranes & Desalination

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance

External carbon for biological denitrification; Alkalinity support for biological treatment; Biological nutrients & process recovery

MBR biological-treatment and membrane-maintenance requirements diagram Process selection depends on water quality and project conditions.

Your process challenges

Chemistry matched to real operating conditions.

Protect the intended membrane process by separating pretreatment, scale inhibition, cleaning and maintenance requirements.

Treatment approach

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: understand the treatment stages first.

MBR combines biological treatment with microfiltration / ultrafiltration for solid–liquid separation. Evaluate carbon-source / alkalinity support separately from membrane maintenance cleaning; do not apply RO cleaning procedures directly to MBR.

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: route schematic covering Pretreatment and biological treatment; Membrane solid–liquid separation; Membrane maintenance cleaning; Biological compatibility.

Swipe horizontally to view the full diagram.

Pretreatment and biological treatmentLoading, carbon sources and alkalinity
Membrane solid–liquid separationMicrofiltration / ultrafiltration route
Membrane maintenance cleaningAccording to membrane material and fouling
Biological compatibilityDo not directly apply an RO cleaning program

Check together during selection

Manage membrane cleaning, the online bioreactor and waste-sludge conditioning separately. Cleaning chemicals and defoamers must match the specific membrane and biological-compatibility conditions.

Compare candidate products below by treatment objective. Evaluate different routes separately; the list does not imply simultaneous dosing.

Find products by treatment objective

Operating conditions and product routes

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: match requirements to each treatment stage.

Compare treatment objectives, chemical functions and verification criteria stage by stage. Products in the table may be alternatives or serve different stages; they are not necessarily dosed together.

Define influent and objectives first

Share membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. This helps address pretreatment, membrane protection and maintenance requirements and narrow the product and specification range.

Then confirm assessment limits

Separate membrane cleaning, the operating biological tank and waste-sludge conditioning. Cleaners and defoamers must match the specific membrane and biological compatibility conditions.

Compare all treatment routesProduct roles, conditions and verification

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: treatment objectives and product routes
Treatment objective / stage	Product routes to compare	Function / applicable conditions	Checks before selection
External carbon for biological denitrificationBiological treatment & nutrientsFilter by this objective	Sodium Acetate Carbon SourcePrimary candidate Methanol Carbon Source for DenitrificationPrimary candidate Glycerol & Ethanol Carbon SourcesPrimary candidate Blended External Carbon SourcePrimary candidate	Assess the denitrification process, readily usable COD, nitrogen load and biomass acclimation. Compare different carbon sources on the same operating basis. View each product's function and conditions Sodium Acetate Carbon Source Function:Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation. Conditions:Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately. Methanol Carbon Source for Denitrification Function:Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation. Conditions:Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately. Glycerol & Ethanol Carbon Sources Function:Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation. Conditions:Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately. Blended External Carbon Source Function:Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation. Conditions:Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately.	View product-specific checks Sodium Acetate Carbon Source MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Methanol Carbon Source for Denitrification MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Glycerol & Ethanol Carbon Sources MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Blended External Carbon Source MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.
Alkalinity support for biological treatmentBiological treatment & nutrientsFilter by this objective	Sodium BicarbonateAlternative route Sodium CarbonateAlternative route Calcium HydroxideAlternative route Sodium HydroxideAlternative route Magnesium HydroxideAlternative route	Evaluate ammonia load, available alkalinity and the biological process together. Influent pH alone does not establish the alkalinity requirement. View each product's function and conditions Sodium Bicarbonate Function:Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation. Conditions:Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together. Sodium Carbonate Function:Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation. Conditions:Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together. Calcium Hydroxide Function:Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation. Conditions:Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together. Sodium Hydroxide Function:Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation. Conditions:Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together. Magnesium Hydroxide Function:Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation. Conditions:Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.	View product-specific checks Sodium Bicarbonate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Sodium Carbonate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Na₂CO₃ content; Insoluble matter; Particle form & bulk density; Impurities; Actual water quality; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Calcium Hydroxide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Sodium Hydroxide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Magnesium Hydroxide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Active Mg(OH)₂ or MgO basis; Solids content; Particle size; Reactivity; Slurry stability; Impurities; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.
Biological nutrients & process recoveryBiological treatment & nutrientsFilter by this objective	Biological-Treatment Nutrient FormulationConditional Option Bioaugmentation FormulationsConditional Option Sodium BicarbonateSupporting item Magnesium HydroxideSupporting item	Identify limiting nutrients, toxic inputs and operating causes first. Add nutrient or recovery products only where the process assessment supports their use. View each product's function and conditions Biological-Treatment Nutrient Formulation Function:Supplies nutrients where an actual nitrogen, phosphorus or micronutrient deficit exists in the influent; it is not a default addition for all wastewater. Conditions:Have bioavailable carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus analysis and a nutrient-demand assessment available, avoiding added effluent nitrogen or phosphorus loads. Bioaugmentation Formulations Function:A supporting formulation route for specified biological treatment recovery or enhancement. Conditions:Define microbial strains/composition, activity and limiting factors. This does not replace investigation of loading, dissolved oxygen, toxicity or nutrient causes. Sodium Bicarbonate Function:Adds alkalinity and buffering capacity to maintain biological reaction conditions where an alkalinity deficit has been confirmed. Conditions:Confirm demand from alkalinity, nitrogen conversion or VFA trends. A single pH measurement does not replace system analysis. Magnesium Hydroxide Function:Adds alkalinity and buffering capacity to maintain biological reaction conditions where an alkalinity deficit has been confirmed. Conditions:Confirm demand from alkalinity, nitrogen conversion or VFA trends. A single pH measurement does not replace system analysis.	View product-specific checks Biological-Treatment Nutrient Formulation MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Influent nitrogen, phosphorus & carbon balance; Actual composition; Discharge targets; Trials & monitoring; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Bioaugmentation Formulations MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Specified microbial strains or composition; Actual limiting factors; Activity & validation method; Operating conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Sodium Bicarbonate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Magnesium Hydroxide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Active Mg(OH)₂ or MgO basis; Solids content; Particle size; Reactivity; Slurry stability; Impurities; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.
Chemical phosphorus removal & solids separationPhosphorus removal & precipitationFilter by this objective	Ferric ChloridePrimary candidate Ferric SulfatePrimary candidate Polyferric SulfatePrimary candidate Aluminium SulfatePrimary candidate Polyaluminium ChloridePrimary candidate Sodium AluminatePrimary candidate PolyacrylamideSupporting item	Review phosphorus speciation, alkalinity, sludge and solid–liquid separation conditions. Not all chemicals or processes are interchangeable. View each product's function and conditions Ferric Chloride Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Ferric Sulfate Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Polyferric Sulfate Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Aluminium Sulfate Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Polyaluminium Chloride Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Sodium Aluminate Function:An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements. Polyacrylamide Function:Helps separate phosphorus-bearing flocs that have already formed. PAM itself is not a precipitant for dissolved phosphorus. Conditions:Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.	View product-specific checks Ferric Chloride MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Effective iron content; Free acid; Impurities; Form & trial results; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Ferric Sulfate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Iron content; Free acid; Insoluble matter; Impurity requirements for the intended use; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyferric Sulfate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Total iron; Basicity; Insoluble matter; Form; Trial conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Aluminium Sulfate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Al₂O₃ content; Iron; Insoluble matter; pH conditions; Hydration state; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyaluminium Chloride MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Al₂O₃ content; Basicity; Insoluble matter; pH test conditions; Impurity limits for the intended use; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Sodium Aluminate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Active components; Alkalinity; Form; Process compatibility; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyacrylamide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Ionic type & charge characteristics; Viscosity and test concentration/temperature; Residual monomer & test report; Dissolution conditions; Trial evaluation criteria; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.
MBR cleaning & biologically compatible maintenanceMembrane cleaning & maintenanceFilter by this objective	UF/MF Cleaning & Maintenance TreatmentPrimary candidate Sodium HypochloriteConditional Option Citric AcidConditional Option Silicone DefoamerConditional Option Polyether DefoamerConditional Option Non-Silicone DefoamerConditional Option	Follow membrane-material limits and the module manufacturer’s approved program. Separate the operating bioreactor, offline cleaning and return to service. Evaluate both membrane and biological compatibility of defoamers. View each product's function and conditions UF/MF Cleaning & Maintenance Treatment Function:Finished cleaning, prefilming or membrane-maintenance formulations address defined deposits and material protection requirements. Conditions:Identify the deposit, membrane/metal materials and cleaning acceptance criteria. Compare the separate roles of acidic and alkaline cleaning products. Sodium Hypochlorite Function:An acidic or oxidizing raw material for a manufacturer-approved cleaning procedure, selected by deposit type. Conditions:The material/membrane model, active components, pH, temperature and online/offline procedure must comply with the equipment documents. Citric Acid Function:An acidic or oxidizing raw material for a manufacturer-approved cleaning procedure, selected by deposit type. Conditions:The material/membrane model, active components, pH, temperature and online/offline procedure must comply with the equipment documents. Silicone Defoamer Function:Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated. Conditions:Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence. Polyether Defoamer Function:Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated. Conditions:Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence. Non-Silicone Defoamer Function:Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated. Conditions:Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence.	View product-specific checks UF/MF Cleaning & Maintenance Treatment MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Membrane material; Modules; Contaminants; Manufacturer maintenance procedure; Formulation & residual rinsing; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Sodium Hypochlorite MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Available chlorine as mass fraction or g/L; Concentration at delivery; Free alkali; Impurities; Storage and transport time & conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Citric Acid MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Anhydrous or hydrated state; Content; Impurities; Membrane & material compatibility conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Silicone Defoamer MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyether Defoamer MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Non-Silicone Defoamer MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.
Settling, thickening & dewateringCoagulation & solid–liquid separationFilter by this objective	PolyacrylamidePrimary candidate Polyacrylamide EmulsionPrimary candidate Polyamine CoagulantPrimary candidate Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride)Primary candidate Polyaluminium ChlorideSupporting item Polyferric SulfateSupporting item	Review the medium source, solids content, particle characteristics, return water and equipment. Compare using representative sample trials. View each product's function and conditions Polyacrylamide Function:Polymer bridging and charge effects help build separable flocs. Flocculation does not remove dissolved salts or all COD. Conditions:Define particle and sludge properties, and match preparation, shear and settling/flotation/dewatering trials to the selected grade. Polyacrylamide Emulsion Function:Polymer bridging and charge effects help build separable flocs. Flocculation does not remove dissolved salts or all COD. Conditions:Define particle and sludge properties, and match preparation, shear and settling/flotation/dewatering trials to the selected grade. Polyamine Coagulant Function:An organic coagulant option that destabilizes colloids before further flocculation and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Define the sample's charge demand, intended use and downstream process. A polymer name alone does not establish dosage or grade. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride) Function:An organic coagulant option that destabilizes colloids before further flocculation and solid–liquid separation. Conditions:Define the sample's charge demand, intended use and downstream process. A polymer name alone does not establish dosage or grade. Polyaluminium Chloride Function:Inorganic salt coagulation creates separable particles and affects downstream sludge production and alkalinity demand. Conditions:Compare pH, alkalinity, effective metal content and representative coagulation trials. Ferrous salts also require defined oxidation and downstream separation conditions. Polyferric Sulfate Function:Inorganic salt coagulation creates separable particles and affects downstream sludge production and alkalinity demand. Conditions:Compare pH, alkalinity, effective metal content and representative coagulation trials. Ferrous salts also require defined oxidation and downstream separation conditions.	View product-specific checks Polyacrylamide MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Ionic type & charge characteristics; Viscosity and test concentration/temperature; Residual monomer & test report; Dissolution conditions; Trial evaluation criteria; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyacrylamide Emulsion MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Ionic type; Active polymer; Emulsion system; Preparation conditions; Residual monomer; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyamine Coagulant MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Composition; Active content & method; Viscosity test conditions; pH; Application trials; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride) MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Nominal concentration & test basis; Viscosity & test conditions; Residual monomer; pH; End-use documents; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyaluminium Chloride MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Al₂O₃ content; Basicity; Insoluble matter; pH test conditions; Impurity limits for the intended use; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Polyferric Sulfate MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Total iron; Basicity; Insoluble matter; Form; Trial conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures. Compare results using representative water samples or site data, retaining the test methods and operating conditions.

Need to compare these routes under your operating conditions?Share influent quality, treatment objectives and the existing process to discuss which products and conditions should be validated first.

Process & product matching

Select a treatment objective to explore suitable products.

Different treatment routes may apply. Open the matching notes for each product to review its role, conditions and purchasing criteria.

Treatment objectiveProduct type

Separate membrane cleaning, the operating biological tank and waste-sludge conditioning. Cleaners and defoamers must match the specific membrane and biological compatibility conditions.

Sodium Acetate Carbon Source · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Sodium Acetate Carbon Source

An acetate-based external carbon source for denitrification with a defined bioavailable-carbon deficit.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation.
Conditions: Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Methanol Carbon Source for Denitrification · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Methanol Carbon Source for Denitrification

A methanol-based external carbon source for suitable engineered denitrification procedures.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation.
Conditions: Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Glycerol & Ethanol Carbon Sources · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Glycerol & Ethanol Carbon Sources

Glycerol- or ethanol-based carbon sources for suitable anoxic denitrification requirements.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation.
Conditions: Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Blended External Carbon Source · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Blended External Carbon Source

A blended external carbon source supplying bioavailable carbon for a defined biological nitrogen-removal process.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides a bioavailable electron donor for a defined anoxic denitrification stage, compared by effective COD and biological acclimation.
Conditions: Select only after defining the nitrate-nitrogen load and carbon deficit. Assess methanol, acetate, glycerol/ethanol and blended carbon sources separately.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Bioavailable COD & test method; Composition; Impurities; Biological acclimation; Storage & transport conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Sodium Bicarbonate · Product form reference

Base chemicals

pH, alkalinity & remineralization

Sodium Bicarbonate

An alkalinity and buffering raw material for biological treatment systems and suitable water-balance requirements.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation.
Conditions: Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Sodium Carbonate · Product form reference

Base chemicals

pH, alkalinity & remineralization

Sodium Carbonate

A carbonate alkali source for suitable pH adjustment, alkalinity support and chemical softening.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation.
Conditions: Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Na₂CO₃ content; Insoluble matter; Particle form & bulk density; Impurities; Actual water quality; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Calcium Hydroxide · Product form reference

Base chemicals

pH, alkalinity & remineralization

Calcium Hydroxide

A calcium alkali source for suitable neutralization, chemical softening and precipitation treatment.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation.
Conditions: Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Sodium Hydroxide · Product form reference

Base chemicals

pH, alkalinity & remineralization

Sodium Hydroxide

A common alkali raw material for pH adjustment, certain metal-precipitation steps and specified cleaning or regeneration procedures.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation.
Conditions: Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Actual composition & form; Content basis; Water quality; Equipment materials; End-use requirements; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Magnesium Hydroxide · Product form reference

Base chemicals

pH, alkalinity & remineralization

Magnesium Hydroxide

A magnesium alkali source available as powder or slurry for suitable neutralization, alkalinity and precipitation requirements.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Provides alkalinity or neutralizing capacity. Its role differs from rapid pH adjustment and hardness precipitation.
Conditions: Select the acid or alkali from titration demand, buffering capacity, storage and transport, equipment materials and final use. Candidates are alternatives to compare, not instructions to mix them together.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Active Mg(OH)₂ or MgO basis; Solids content; Particle size; Reactivity; Slurry stability; Impurities; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Biological-Treatment Nutrient Formulation · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Biological-Treatment Nutrient Formulation

Nitrogen, phosphorus or other nutrient formulations for industrial biological treatment with an identified nutrient deficit.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Supplies nutrients where an actual nitrogen, phosphorus or micronutrient deficit exists in the influent; it is not a default addition for all wastewater.
Conditions: Have bioavailable carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus analysis and a nutrient-demand assessment available, avoiding added effluent nitrogen or phosphorus loads.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Influent nitrogen, phosphorus & carbon balance; Actual composition; Discharge targets; Trials & monitoring; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Bioaugmentation Formulations · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Biological nutrients & carbon sources

Bioaugmentation Formulations

Supporting formulations for specified biological treatment recovery and enhancement tasks.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: A supporting formulation route for specified biological treatment recovery or enhancement.
Conditions: Define microbial strains/composition, activity and limiting factors. This does not replace investigation of loading, dissolved oxygen, toxicity or nutrient causes.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Specified microbial strains or composition; Actual limiting factors; Activity & validation method; Operating conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Ferric Chloride · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Coagulation & flocculation

Ferric Chloride

An iron salt raw material for coagulation and chemical phosphorus removal, supporting clarification and sludge–water separation.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Effective iron content; Free acid; Impurities; Form & trial results; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Base chemicals

Coagulation & flocculation

Ferric Sulfate

An iron salt option for water and wastewater coagulation and phosphorus removal, followed by flocculation and separation.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Iron content; Free acid; Insoluble matter; Impurity requirements for the intended use; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Polyferric Sulfate · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Polyferric Sulfate

A polymeric iron coagulant option for clarification, phosphorus removal and sludge treatment support.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Total iron; Basicity; Insoluble matter; Form; Trial conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Aluminium Sulfate · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Coagulation & flocculation

Aluminium Sulfate

An aluminium salt option for coagulation and chemical phosphorus removal in raw water and wastewater, supporting clarification and solid–liquid separation.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Al₂O₃ content; Iron; Insoluble matter; pH conditions; Hydration state; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Polyaluminium Chloride · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Polyaluminium Chloride

For raw water and wastewater coagulation, compare active components, basicity and water-sample trials against clarification and phosphorus-removal requirements.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Al₂O₃ content; Basicity; Insoluble matter; pH test conditions; Impurity limits for the intended use; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Sodium Aluminate · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Coagulation & flocculation

Sodium Aluminate

An alkaline aluminium component for suitable coagulation, chemical phosphorus removal and precipitation softening.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An aluminium- or iron-salt precipitation/coprecipitation route, assessed together with phosphorus speciation, alkalinity and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Active components; Alkalinity; Form; Process compatibility; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Polyacrylamide

Select a suitable PAM for clarification, settling, thickening and sludge dewatering, matching flocculation behavior to the water, particles and equipment.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Helps separate phosphorus-bearing flocs that have already formed. PAM itself is not a precipitant for dissolved phosphorus.
Conditions: Select the actual process dosing location and compare dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, residual metals and sludge performance. Do not directly convert products on different metal-content bases into equal-dose replacements.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Ionic type & charge characteristics; Viscosity and test concentration/temperature; Residual monomer & test report; Dissolution conditions; Trial evaluation criteria; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

UF/MF Cleaning & Maintenance Treatment · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Membrane treatment chemicals

UF/MF Cleaning & Maintenance Treatment

Cleaning and maintenance chemicals for UF/MF and relevant MBR modules, selected against membrane material and the manufacturer procedure.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Finished cleaning, prefilming or membrane-maintenance formulations address defined deposits and material protection requirements.
Conditions: Identify the deposit, membrane/metal materials and cleaning acceptance criteria. Compare the separate roles of acidic and alkaline cleaning products.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Membrane material; Modules; Contaminants; Manufacturer maintenance procedure; Formulation & residual rinsing; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Sodium Hypochlorite · Product form reference

Base chemicals

Disinfection & oxidation

Sodium Hypochlorite

A chlorine source for suitable disinfection steps in water supply, wastewater and industrial water, compatible with liquid dosing arrangements.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An acidic or oxidizing raw material for a manufacturer-approved cleaning procedure, selected by deposit type.
Conditions: The material/membrane model, active components, pH, temperature and online/offline procedure must comply with the equipment documents.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Available chlorine as mass fraction or g/L; Concentration at delivery; Free alkali; Impurities; Storage and transport time & conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Base chemicals

Cleaning & prefilming

Citric Acid

An organic acid raw material for specified membrane or equipment cleaning procedures.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An acidic or oxidizing raw material for a manufacturer-approved cleaning procedure, selected by deposit type.
Conditions: The material/membrane model, active components, pH, temperature and online/offline procedure must comply with the equipment documents.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Anhydrous or hydrated state; Content; Impurities; Membrane & material compatibility conditions; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Silicone Defoamer · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Foam control & process aids

Silicone Defoamer

A silicone-based defoaming formulation for suitable industrial water and wastewater foam-control steps.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated.
Conditions: Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Polyether Defoamer · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Foam control & process aids

Polyether Defoamer

A polyether defoaming formulation selected against the medium and operating temperature for industrial water treatment.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated.
Conditions: Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Non-Silicone Defoamer · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Foam control & process aids

Non-Silicone Defoamer

A non-silicone defoaming formulation for water systems with specific requirements concerning silicone components.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Controls foam when both membrane and biological compatibility have been validated.
Conditions: Assess formulation components, membrane-fouling risk and effects on biological treatment. A non-silicone claim does not replace compatibility evidence.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Formulation & active components; Temperature; Defoaming trials; Effects on membranes, coating & biological processes; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Polyacrylamide Emulsion · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Polyacrylamide Emulsion

An emulsion flocculating polymer for solid–liquid separation in clarification, thickening and dewatering.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: Polymer bridging and charge effects help build separable flocs. Flocculation does not remove dissolved salts or all COD.
Conditions: Define particle and sludge properties, and match preparation, shear and settling/flotation/dewatering trials to the selected grade.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Ionic type; Active polymer; Emulsion system; Preparation conditions; Residual monomer; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Polyamine Coagulant · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Polyamine Coagulant

An organic coagulant option for colloid destabilization, clarification and separation in certain oily water systems.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An organic coagulant option that destabilizes colloids before further flocculation and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Define the sample's charge demand, intended use and downstream process. A polymer name alone does not establish dosage or grade.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Composition; Active content & method; Viscosity test conditions; pH; Application trials; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride) · Product form reference

Specialty formulations

Coagulation & flocculation

Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride)

An organic coagulating polymer for raw water, industrial water and suitable solid–liquid separation procedures.

Why this matches

Conditional option

Role: An organic coagulant option that destabilizes colloids before further flocculation and solid–liquid separation.
Conditions: Define the sample's charge demand, intended use and downstream process. A polymer name alone does not establish dosage or grade.
Before purchase: MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: Nominal concentration & test basis; Viscosity & test conditions; Residual monomer; pH; End-use documents; Consider membrane material and model, TMP and flux trends, sludge and effluent data, cleaning history, alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus and module manufacturer procedures.

Confirmed available

Technical references & scope

Industry references describe general uses. Product specifications, certifications and application results require the corresponding supplier documentation.

PURCHASING QUESTIONS

Discuss your water treatment needs

Share your application, current product or purchasing requirements to discuss a suitable supply option.

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance

Chemistry matched to real operating conditions.

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: understand the treatment stages first.

Check together during selection

MBR Biological Treatment & Membrane Maintenance: match requirements to each treatment stage.

Define influent and objectives first

Then confirm assessment limits

Select a treatment objective to explore suitable products.

Let’s review this combination

More questions, answered.

Discuss your water treatment needs